Music 220 Outline Class Period 4
Defining Music
Difficulties
What we can agree on:
tones
affect
an art and a science
"that one among the artistic disciplines whose material consists of tone"
we have to define tone
Other terms to define: the "Elements of Music:
melody
harmony
rhythm
texture
timbre, dynamics, form
we will discuss all of these over next few days
Melody
we need to transcribe melodies as ethnomusicologists
different pitch systems cause problems
example from India: Raga
more than just a collection of pitches (scale/mode)
rules about how pitches are combined
melodic fragments/motives
ornaments
affect, mystical or religious significance
Classifying instruments
Hornbostel and Sachs; 4 categories
idiophones: whole instrument vibrates, struck with beater or another part of itself
examples
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