COMMON NAME GENUS SPECIES SUBSPECIES[1] DATE[2] NATIVE RANGE INTRODUCTION RANGE[3]
mammal carnivore biocontrol; ferret European Mustela putoris furo 1882 Europe (southern) New Zealand, North America
mammal carnivore biocontrol; mongoose gold-spotted Herpestes javanicus auropunctatus Indonesia Australia
mammal carnivore biocontrol; mongoose Indian Herpestes auropunctatus 1872 Asia (southern) Jamaica (W. Espeut), Hawaii 1883, Puerto Rico (1877)
mammal carnivore biocontrol; weasel A [stoat] Mustela erminea 1883 Europe New Zealand
mammal carnivore biocontrol; weasel B Mustela nivalis 1883 Europe New Zealand
mammal carnivore; bear grizzly  Ursus arctos horribilis 1980 Wyoming[4] Montana
mammal carnivore; bobcat  Felis rufus Texas Massachusetts
mammal carnivore; cat domestic Felis cattus 1810 Eurasia Tristan de Cunha, New Zealand 1815, North America, Australia, New Amsterdam, Marion Is., Macquarie Is., Auckland Is., Kerguellen, Ille St. Paul, Marion 1947
mammal carnivore; coyote Canis latrans (USA western) USA (eastern)
mammal carnivore; dog domestic Canis familiaris 1493 Eurasia North America, Canary Islands (300), New Zealand (800), Polynesia (800), Argentina (1650), West Indies (1493), Australia, Tristan de Cunha 1824
mammal carnivore; fox Alaskan silver Vulpes zibellina kamshadalica 1938 Alaska Finland
mammal carnivore; fox arctic Alopex lagopus 1890 North America (northern) Shumagin, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
mammal carnivore; fox Channel Islands Urocyon littoralis 500 Middle America Channel Islands, California
mammal carnivore; fox European red Vulpes vulpes 1650 England Virginia
mammal carnivore; fox red Vulpes fulva USA (eastern) California, Shaiak Island AK, Australia
mammal carnivore; mink Mustela vison 1928 North America Russia, Iceland, Scandinavia, Britain
mammal carnivore; raccoon Procyon lotor 1945 North America Queen Charlotte Island BC, Tashkent Russia 1929, Germany, Europe (eastern)
mammal carnivore; raccoon-dog Nyctereutes procyonoides Japan Caucasus, Europe [eastern]
mammal carnivore; skunk Mephitis mephitis North America Russia
mammal carnivore; weasel Siberian Mustela siberica coreana Siberia Japan
mammal hoofed; alpaca Lama guanaco pacos Peru, Chile, Bolivia Australia
mammal hoofed; antelope eland Tragelaphus oryx 1964 Africa Texas, Australia (died out)
mammal hoofed; antelope gemsbok Oryx gazella 1969 Africa New Mexico
mammal hoofed; antelope Indian blackbuck Antilope cervicapra India Texas, Australia
mammal hoofed; antelope kudu 1962 Africa New Mexico
mammal hoofed; antelope nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus 1930 India Texas
mammal hoofed; antelope oryx Oryx gazella gazella 1962 South Africa New Mexico
mammal hoofed; aoudad Ammotragus lervia 1948 Asia (southeast) Texas
mammal hoofed; bison American  Bison bison 1928 USA (central)[5] Big Delta Valley, Afognak Island, Alaska; San Catalina, Channel Islands California (14 head - 1924)
mammal hoofed; buffalo African Syncerus caffer Africa (southeastern) Australia
mammal hoofed; buffalo cape 1962 Africa New Mexico
mammal hoofed; buffalo water Bubalus arnee bubalis Asia (southeastern) Brazil, Australia
mammal hoofed; burro domestic [donkey] Equus asinus 1450 Eurasia Canary Islands, North America 1500, West Indies (1500), Tristan de Cunha 1867
mammal hoofed; camel bactrian 1858 Asia (central) Esmerelda County California
mammal hoofed; camel dromedary Camelus dromedarius 1854 Africa Texas, New Mexico 1962, Canary Islands (1450), Australia (1840), Peru (1550), (USA southwestern1854), Cuba, Jamaica
mammal hoofed; cattle banteng [Bali] Bos javanicus Indonesia Cobourg Peninsula Northern Territory
mammal hoofed; cattle domestic/longhorn Bos taurus 1493 Eurasia North America, Azores (1450), Madeira, Canary Islands (1450), West Indies (1493), Mexico (1520), Peru, Argentina (1530), New Zealand (1780), Brazil (1531), Australia, Tristan de Cunha 1820, New Amsterdam Is. 1871, Auckland Is. 1849, Falkland Is.
mammal hoofed; cattle zebu Bos indicus India Australia
mammal hoofed; deer axis [chital] Axis axis 1964 Eurasia Texas, Maui-Molokai-Lanai, California, Australia
mammal hoofed; deer barasingha Cervus duvauceli India Australia
mammal hoofed; deer fallow Dama dama 1864 Asia Minor, Mesopotamia New Zealand, Texas, California, Australia, Europe
mammal hoofed; deer hog Axis porcinus Asia (southern) Australia
mammal hoofed; deer Indian sambar Cervus [Rusa] unicolor 1895 Asia (eastern) North Island New Zealand, California, Australia
mammal hoofed; deer mule [Columbia blacktail] Odocoileus hemionus North America New Zealand, Queen Charlotte Island, Kodiak Island, Hawaii
mammal hoofed; deer muntjac [barking] Muntiacus muntjak Asia (southeastern) Britain
mammal hoofed; deer musk Moschus moschiferus Asia (eastern) Australia
mammal hoofed; deer Philippine sambar Cervus mariannus Philippines Australia
mammal hoofed; deer red  Cervus elaphus 1851 Eurasia New Zealand, North America, Australia, New Hampshire 1880
mammal hoofed; deer reindeer Rangifer tarandus 1891 Asia (eastern) St. Matthew Is. Alaska, Michigan (1922), South Georgia 1911, Kerguellen 1955
mammal hoofed; deer roe Capreolus capreolus 1948 Europe Texas, Australia, New Hampshire
mammal hoofed; deer sika [Japanese] Cervus nippon 1916 Asia (eastern) Maryland, Texas, New Mexico (1962), Australia, North Island New Zealand 1885, Britain, France
mammal hoofed; deer spotted mouse Tragulus meminna India Australia
mammal hoofed; deer Sunda sambar [rusa] Cervus timorensis russa 1907 Borneo North Island New Zealand, Australia
mammal hoofed; deer water Hydropotes inermis China Australia
mammal hoofed; deer whitetail [Virginia] Odocoileus virginianus [virginiana] 1901 North America Stewart and South Island New Zealand
mammal hoofed; giraffe 1962 Africa New Mexico
mammal hoofed; goat chamois Rupicapra rupicapra 1907 Europe South Island New Zealand[6]
mammal hoofed; goat domestic Capra hircus 1493 Eurasia Channel Islands, California (1810); Azores (1450), Canary Islands (300), New Zealand (1830), Australia (1800), West Indies (1493), Hawaii (1778 J. Cook), Tristan de Cunha 1790, St. Helena 1513 (Portuguese), Juan Fernandez 1574, New Amsterdam Is., Campbell Is., Auckland Is., South Trinidade Brazil, Great Three Kings New Zealand 1889[7]
mammal hoofed; goat Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus 1880 Asia New Hampshire, California, South Island New Zealand 1904
mammal hoofed; goat mountain Oreamnos [Oreamnus] americanus (USA western) WA (Olympic NP), Nevada
mammal hoofed; goat Persian wild [8] Capra aegagrus Asia New Mexico
mammal hoofed; goat Siberian ibex Capra ibex Asia New Mexico
mammal hoofed; goat Siberian ibex 1962 Asia (eastern) New Mexico
mammal hoofed; horse domestic/feral [mustang, brumby] Equus caballus 1450 Eurasia Canary Islands, North America 1493, Argentina (1535), Australia (1800), North Island New Zealand (1780), West Indies (1493), Peru (1532), South Georgia 1905, Kerguellen 1950
mammal hoofed; llama Lama guanaco lama South America Australia
mammal hoofed; moose American Alces alces [americana] 1875 North America South Island New Zealand, Newfoundland 1940
mammal hoofed; muskox Ovibos muschatus 1930 Greenland, Canadian Archipelago Fairbanks, Nunivak Island, AK; Thelon, NWT
mammal hoofed; pronghorn Columbia antilocapra USA (western) Hawaii
mammal hoofed; serow Capricornis spp. 1948 Asia (southeast) Texas
mammal hoofed; sheep Barbary Ammotragus cervicapra 1900 Africa New York Zoo, Washington Zoo, Connecticut, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, North Dakota, Wisconsin, Toronto, Canadian, Hondo Rivers New Mexico (1940), Amarillo Texas, Hearst Ranch California
mammal hoofed; sheep domestic Ovis aries 1550 Eurasia North America, Azores (1439), New Zealand (1780), Argentina (1520), Panama (1521), Australia, Tristan de Cunha 1815, Kerguellen Is. 1908, Campbell Is., Auckland Is., Falkland Is., New Amsterdam Is., St. Paul Is., Marion Is., Macquarie Is., Gough Is., South Georgia
mammal hoofed; sheep mouflon Ovis musimon 1964 Eurasia Texas, Hawaii
mammal hoofed; swine domestic & feral Sus scrofa domesticus 1912 Eurasia North Carolina, (USA southeastern) (1539), New Hampshire 1889, Hawaii (1000, 1780), California (1924), NH (1938), New Zealand (Cook 1773), Madeira, Canary Islands (300), West Indies (1493), Australia (1790), New Zealand (1770), Bermuda (1593), Sable Island (1550), Florida (1539), Peru (1531), Tristan de Cunha 1810, Inaccessible Is., Juan Fernandez 1574, New Amsterdam, Cochons Crozet 1820, Auckland Is., Campbell Is., South Trinidade Brazil[9]
mammal hoofed; vicuna Lama vicugna South America Australia
mammal hoofed; wapiti [American elk] Cervus [elaphus] canadiensis 1880 North America New Hampshire, South Island New Zealand 1905, Channel Island (California), Australia, Austria
mammal hoofed; wapiti [Olympic elk] Cervus canadensis 1928 Olympic Peninsula, Washington Big Delta Valley, Afognak Island, Alaska
mammal hoofed; yak 1962 Asia (eastern) New Mexico
mammal hoofed; zebra Equus spp. 1962 Africa New Mexico, Australia
mammal Insectivora; hedgehog Erinacea europaeus 1892 Europe New Zealand
mammal Lagomorpha; hare alpine Lepus timidus 1853 Norway Faroe Islands
mammal Lagomorpha; hare European Lepus europaeus 1867 Europe, Hungary[10] New Zealand, Ontario, Argentina
mammal Lagomorpha; rabbit eastern cottontail  Sylvilagus floridanus 1939 USA (eastern) Oregon
mammal Lagomorpha; rabbit European [San Juan] Oryctolagus cuniculus  1954 Eurasia North America (PA OH 1954), San Juan Islands WA 1900), Australia (1788), New Zealand 1838, Hawaii (1903), Porto Santo [Madeira Island] (1420), New Zealand (1830), Tristan de Cunha 1829, Macquarie Is. 1880, Ille St. Paul 1880, Possession Crozet 1873, Kerguellen 1874 (British), Rose/Enderby Auckland Is., South Georgia 1872[11]
mammal Marsupialia; American [Virginia] opposum Didelphis viginiana USA (eastern) West Indies, California
mammal Marsupialia; wallaby Australian brush-tailed opposum Trichosurus vulpecula 1858 Australia New Zealand
mammal Marsupialia; wallaby common scrub Wallabia rufogrisea 1870 Australia South Island New Zealand
mammal Marsupialia; wallaby dama Thylogale eugenii 1870 Australia South Island New Zealand
mammal Marsupialia; wallaby rock Petrogale pencillata 1870 Australia New Zealand, Hawaiian Islands
mammal Marsupialia; wallaby swamp Wallabia ualabatus 1870 Australia South Island New Zealand
mammal Pinnipedia; California sea lion Zalophus californicus North America (western) Scandinavia, Europe (eastern), USA
mammal primate; rhesus monkey Macaca mulatta 1938 Africa Florida
mammal Rodentia; beaver American Castor canadiensis [fiber] North America Scandinavia, Europe (eastern)
mammal Rodentia; chinchilla Chinchilla laniger 1960 South America Pyandj River Tajikstan
mammal Rodentia; doormouse edible Glis glis Europe (eastern) Britain
mammal Rodentia; guinea pig [cavy] 1600 South America Europe
mammal Rodentia; mouse house Mus musculus domesticus 1810 Eurasia Tristan de Cunha, North America, Australia, New Zealand 1820
mammal Rodentia; muskrat American Ondatra zibethica 1905 North America Europe, Tokyo (1907), France (1927), England (1927, eradicated 1935), California, Russia 1927[12]
mammal Rodentia; nutria [copyu] Myocaster coypus 1938 Argentina (USA southeastern), England, France, Amu Darya River Russia 1930
mammal Rodentia; rat Asian field Rattus argentiventer Asia (eastern) Malaysia
mammal Rodentia; rat black [tree] Rattus rattus 1609 Asia (southern) Virginia, Australia (1790), New Zealand (1770), Bermuda (1603), Tristan de Cunha 1882, South Georgia, Ille St. Paul, New Amsterdam, Kerguellen, Macquarie Is., Campbell Is., South Trinidade Brazil
mammal Rodentia; rat brown [Norway]  Rattus norvegicus 1520 Asia (central, southeastern) Argentina, USA (1775), New Zealand (1830), Bermuda (1603), Australia
mammal Rodentia; rat giant A Cricetmys emini Africa USA
mammal Rodentia; rat giant B Cricetmys gambianus Africa USA
mammal Rodentia; rat Polynesian [Maori] Rattus exulans 800 Pacific Islands New Zealand
mammal Rodentia; squirrel arctic ground Spermophilus undulatus 1890 North America (northern) Shumagin, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
mammal Rodentia; squirrel black grey Sciurus carolinensis [nigras] 1950 USA (northern) USA (central)
mammal Rodentia; squirrel Formosan golden-backed 1947 Asia (southeastern) Oshima, Japan
mammal Rodentia; squirrel fox Sciurus niger USA (eastern) California
mammal Rodentia; squirrel grey Sciurus carolinensis 1890 North America (eastern) England, Europe, South Africa, California, Australia (died out)
mammal Rodentia; squirrel three-striped palm Funambulus pennanti India Sydney, Perth
mammal Xenathra; armadillo nine-banded Dasypus novemcinctus 1900 Middle America Miami Florida[13]
[1]
N. C. Heywood:
conflicts/archaics/confusions in brackets (same for common names)
[2]
N. C. Heywood:
introduction date, or earliest onservance date, at first-listed invasion range
[3]
N. C. Heywood:
point of introduction, else existing range
[4]
N. C. Heywood:
Yellowstone remnant
[5]
N. C. Heywood:
Yellowstone remnant disperses into Montana
[6]
N. C. Heywood:
5.3 mile/yr diffusion
[7]
N. C. Heywood:
eradicated on Tristan de Cunha by 1960
[8]
N. C. Heywood:
thar?
[9]
N. C. Heywood:
eradicated on Tristan de Cunha by 1940
[10]
N. C. Heywood:
1930-40 average export of 40,000 hares
[11]
N. C. Heywood:
eradicated on Tristan de Cunha by 1873
[12]
N. C. Heywood:
1927-65 a total 250,000 muskrat released at 500 sites throughout Russia
[13]
N. C. Heywood:
met naturally eastward-dispersing populations near Pensacola