Shrimp farming
Optional Resources
Online Resources
"Behind the
Green Grocery: Whole Foods & Turtle-Deadly Shrimp," Alexander Cockburn and
Jeffrey St. Clair, CounterPunch, March 1999
Shrimp Cocktail-- Recipe for Disaster, Natural Resources Defense Council, 1996 --
"As the price of shrimp has plummeted, the environmental cost has soared."
Examines the true price of shrimp in a substantive paragraph under each of the following
impacts:
Shrimp Sentinel
Online -- "An internet forum for discussion and dialogue on the serious
environmental and social impacts of increased global production of shrimp. The Sentinel's
goal is to stimulate concrete and effective actions by and among governments, industry,
international agencies, communities, and consumers to make the trawling and farming of
shrimp more sustainable. The Shrimp Sentinel Online is an electronic evolution of
the Shrimp Tribunal first convened in April 1996 at the United Nations."
"Mangrove Destruction and Shrimp Culture Systems," Piamsak Menasveta, 1997 -- a
meaty and scary paper which focuses on the situation in Thailand.
"How can shrimp mariculture survive when breeding habitats are a free
access resource?," a review by Conrad Saam, Colby College, April 1996 -- Briefly
addresses how and why shrimp mariculture is collapsing in Ecuador.
"The
Aquaculture Disaster; Third World communities fight the 'Blue Revolution,'" Martin
Khor, Third World Network.
"The
negative impacts of aquaculture," Third World Network -- "Although
aquaculture has been projected as a panacea for Third World poverty, its advocates ignore
the fact that it spawns a whole host of problems for which there are no solutions."
Shrimp on the Net (Version 1.3, revised August
1998), The Shrimp Sentinel Online (a project of Earth Summit Watch) -- Excellent set of
Internet links, with a description of each.
Expalsa Exportadora de
Alimentos, S.A., home page -- Meet Ecuador's Big Shrimp. Expalsa says that it is
Ecuador's leading breeder, producer, processor, packer and exporter of white shrimp. The
website gives a little history of their operations since starting up in 1990 and links to
websites on fish, aquaculture, and Ecuador. It includes photos of their the hatchery, feed
plant, and coastal shrimp ponds-- bordered by "ancient thickens of mangroves,
untouched by the industry." Here is an alternative, industry view of shrimp farming
and environment, including: "Our farms are build without disturbing the fragile
ecosystem in which mangroves and thousand of other living creatures grow, this allows us
to maintain productivity and quality of the soil and water."
Thailand Shrimp Case, an annex to the Trade and the Environment Database home page
at American University’s School of International Service, January 1997 -- An in-depth
case study on the Thai shrimp industry, one of the largest shrimp export industries in the
world. Also provides links to related cases, a bibliography, international legal
information, and brief discussions of Thailand’s biodiversity, trade, and cultural
issues relating to the shrimp industry.
"Environment as Amenity and Location of Production:
Theory and Application to the Case of Mangrove Ecosystems and Shrimp Aquaculture
Development in Ecuador" (Dissertation Abstract) by Neal A. MacDougall, Department of
Agricultural & Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley.
Shrimp Aquaculture, Sierra Club of/du Canada -- Provides three reports: Shrimp--
the REAL CO$T, Human Rights and Shrimp, and Biodiversity and Mangroves; each offers
suggestions as to what consumers and concerned citizens can do.
"And
You Thought You Liked Shrimp," Donella Meadows, The People-Centered Development
Forum, 11 December 1997.
EPA's
Shellfish Website
"The Fish Harvesters; Farm-Raising Salmon and Shrimp Makes Millionaires, and Also
Creates Dead Seas," Michael L. Weber, E/ The Environmental Magazine,
Nov.-Dec. 1996.
National Shellfisheries
Association, home page
"Shrimping Said to Threaten Mexican Mangroves," Reuters Limited, 1998.
"The Shrimp-Turtle Case: Better TED than Dead," Friends of the Earth.
Mangrove
Replenishment Initiative -- Mission is "to provide technology, foster education,
and encourage proactive mangrove replenishment..."
Mangrove
Action Project (MAP), a project of Earth Island Institute)
Thomas Detwyler maintains this page (tdetwyle@uwsp.edu)
Last updated 14 February 2001
� Copyright 1998-2001 by Thomas Detwyler